MQTT 使用指南
来源:
sources/MQTT使用.md
安装 Mosquitto
sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y mosquitto mosquitto-clients
sudo systemctl enable mosquitto
sudo systemctl start mosquitto
测试连接
# 终端 1:订阅
tmosquitto_sub -h localhost -t test/topic
# 终端 2:发布
mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t test/topic -m "Hello, MQTT"
生产环境安全配置
1. 创建用户密码文件
# 首次创建(-c = create)
sudo mosquitto_passwd -c /etc/mosquitto/password_file mqttuser
# 追加用户(不加 -c)
sudo mosquitto_passwd /etc/mosquitto/password_file anotheruser
2. 配置认证文件
创建 /etc/mosquitto/conf.d/auth.conf:
listener 1883 0.0.0.0
allow_anonymous false
password_file /etc/mosquitto/password_file
3. 加固权限
sudo chown root:mosquitto /etc/mosquitto/password_file
sudo chmod 640 /etc/mosquitto/password_file
ls -l /etc/mosquitto/password_file
4. 验证配置
mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf --test-config
sudo -u mosquitto mosquitto -c /etc/mosquitto/mosquitto.conf -v
5. 重启服务
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart mosquitto
sudo systemctl status mosquitto
客户端命令(带认证)
# 订阅(-d 显示 debug 过程)
mosquitto_sub -h localhost -t test/topic -u mqttuser -P 'passwd' -d
# 发布
mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t test/topic -m 'yyes' -u mqttuser -P 'passwd' -d
相关页面
- Linux_Commands - Linux 命令大全
最后更新: 2026-04-30